If your child is blood group AB, which is rare, a person with any blood group can donate. If your child is one of the other blood groups A, O or B , you must either be the same blood group or blood group O, which can donate to all.
You may not necessarily be a blood group that is compatible with your child. If you are not, you are excluded from donating your kidney at present. Research may find ways around this in the future, but we do not know when this could happen. Contrary to what it sounds like, tissue typing only involves a simple blood test.
The tissue type is what makes someone react to a donated kidney. Normally, tissue type is involved in the process of getting rid of viruses from the body. There are six principal pieces of protein in the cells of the body that are involved in this process.
These are called HLA antigens and scientists have given them each a different number, as they have been discovered. Your child inherited three of the six from each parent, but cannot inherit a number that neither parent has. That is, the results may help to confirm or not the biological parents of the child. We ask that you consider this carefully and before agreeing to the test, we would want you, as a family, to decide who should be told if the results are unexpected.
If you have any questions or concerns about this, you must discuss them either with the doctor or nurse or your family doctor GP before undergoing the blood test.
We ask that you consider this carefully. We prefer a good match, although this is more important for deceased donor kidneys. When a deceased donor kidney becomes available, UK Transplant matches the six numbers that the donor has with the best match for all the potential recipients on the on-call register. If it was not, a serious rejection reaction could sometimes occur between the recipient patient and the transplanted organ.
Basic laboratory testing for tissue transplantation involves mixing the white blood cells leukocytes from the donor or the donor tissue and the recipient together and observing whether an immune response occurs. Although this technique is still commonly used, increasingly analysis of the DNA in both the donor and the recipient tissue typing is used to diminish the likelihood of rejection in the case of tissue transplantation.
A very specific set of genes is examined when DNA testing is used for tissue typing. These antigens have the ability to provoke an immune system response that results in organ or tissue rejection if the tissue looks foreign.
Except for identical twins and some brothers and sisters, it is very rare to get an exact match between two people, especially if they are unrelated. The chance of finding an exact match with an unrelated donor is about one in , Although we try to match antigens as much as possible for kidney and pancreas recipients, we do transplant organs into recipients who have no antigens in common, and these patients do very well.
Some of them have never had a rejection episode. In other cases, we have seen patients who have had an exact six-antigen match have rejection occur because there are other antigens that have not yet been identified that may play a role in rejections.
Unfortunately, there is no way of predicting who will experience rejection and it can occur at anytime. Crossmatching Crossmatching is a test done just before transplant. A crossmatch determines if your body already has antibodies formed against the donor's antigens.
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